What Is Atomic Force Microscopy? Atomic force microscopy (AFM) is a powerful technique that enables surface ultrastructure visualization at molecular resolution. 1 Besides three-dimensional (3D) ...
Force microscopy is a family of scanning probe microscopy techniques that enable the visualization and manipulation of materials at the nanoscale. These techniques rely on the interaction forces ...
At its core, SPM operates on the principle of measuring interactions between a sharp probe and the surface of a material. As the probe scans across the surface, it detects variations in physical ...
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