Jewish people would often try to move illegally over the border from Russia into Prussia in order to escape hardships in the Pale such as heavy taxation, conscription and growing anti-Semitism.

The Seven Years’ War (1756-1763) was triggered by the alliance formed among Russia, Austria, and France, with the aim of curbing the growing power of both Great Britain and Prussia. At first ...

Later, Britain sided with Prussia and Russia against Napoleon’s France, and in the 20 th century twice sided with France and Russia against Germany and later sided with France and Germany ...

Agreements with Prussia and Austria led to three partitions of Poland, in 1772, 1793, and 1795, extending Russia's borders well into central Europe. Catherine began as a political and social ...

Austria and Prussia had both surrendered, but the Russians — bloodied after Austerlitz — and Great Britain — all powerful on the seas — remained dangerous enemies. To defeat Russia ...

From the Pali Mall Gazette, Dec. 15. TimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital subscribers. About the Archive This is a digitized version of an article from The Times’s ...